Najah M. L. AL Maimuri
Building and Construction Techniques Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Engineering Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University, 51001, Babylon, Iraq.

Ali Abdul Razzaq Altahir
Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Kerbela, Karbela 56001, Iraq.

Layth Abdulameer
Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq.

Farhan Lafta Rashid
Petroleum Engineering Department, Kerbela University, Kerbela 56001, Iraq.

Ahmed N. Al-Dujaili
Petroleum Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, No. 350, Hafez Ave, Valiasr Square, Tehran, Iran.

DOI https://doi.org/10.33889/IJMEMS.2025.10.6.106

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Abstract

The Coastal regions are increasingly vulnerable to hurricanes and tsunamis, which cause severe damage to infrastructure and communities. Traditional barriers such as seawalls and breakwaters are rigid, costly, and often ineffective under extreme hydrodynamic forces. This study proposes a smart rubber balloon dam as a flexible, rapidly deployable, and renewable-energy-powered alternative for coastal protection. The system consists of elliptical inflatable balloons anchored in underground trenches along the shoreline. Balloons are inflated using compressed air supplied by an air storage tank, powered by a Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine coupled with a Doubly Fed Induction Generator, and supported by deep-cycle batteries. To ensure precise operation, a backstepping controller regulates the three-phase induction motor driving the air compressor, achieving a 95% reduction in rotor speed tracking error and settling time of less than 0.5 s. Balloon inflation pressure is stabilised by an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System, which reduces transient variations by 70% and maintains a pressure stability of ±5 % under dynamic hydrodynamic loads. The system was validated through Simulink modelling and hydrodynamic analysis, including case study forces derived from the 2004 Sumatra tsunami. Results confirm reliable balloon deployment, consistent rigidity against bore wave action, and renewable energy self-sufficiency, with 85% conversion efficiency and a stable 4.8 kW output across wind speeds. Compared to conventional defenses, the proposed system offers a faster response, greater adaptability, and a lower environmental impact. This research highlights a novel AI-powered, renewable energy-integrated coastal defense strategy that provides a scalable, sustainable, and climate-resilient solution for shoreline protection. The Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System controller achieves consistent balloon rigidity even under dynamic contact loads, reducing transient variations by 70% while maintaining pressure deviations of less than 5% from the setpoint.

Keywords- Tsunami mitigation technology, Smart rubber balloon, Smart actuation systems, Coastal hurricanes, Inflatable coastal defense, Alternative energy, Renewable energy integration, Hydrodynamic design, Backstepping control.

Citation

AL Maimuri, N. M. L. Altahir, A. A. R. Abdulameer, L., Rashid, F. L. & Al-Dujaili, A. N (2025). Smart Rubber Balloon Dam for Coastal Hurricane and Tsunami Protection: A Renewable Energy-Powered System with Hydrodynamic Design and Adaptive Control. International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences, 10(6), 2286-2317. https://doi.org/10.33889/IJMEMS.2025.10.6.106.